1. Battle of Badr (2 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – First major victory of Islam
2. Battle of Uhud (3 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – A test of patience and obedience
3. Battle of Khandaq / Trench (5 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – Defensive trench strategy
4. Battle of Hunayn (8 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – Victory after initial difficulty
5. Expedition to Tabuk (9 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – show of strength; little fighting
6. Expedition of Hamzah (early AH)
Early sariya commanded by Hamzah ibn ‘Abdul-Muttalib
7. Expedition of Abdullah ibn Jahsh (2 AH)
Caravan interception – precursor actions to Badr
8. Expedition of Zayd ibn Haritha (various)
Marked early raids and reconnaissance
9. Battle of Mu’tah (8 AH)
Muslim force vs Byzantines – leadership losses
10. Battle of Khaybar (7 AH)
Led by Prophet ﷺ – victory over Khaybar fortresses
11. Dhat al-Riqa (7 AH)
Campaign against Banu Ghatafan
12. Sariya of Abu Ubaidah
Various operations after Hijrah
13. Battle of Yarmouk (636 CE)
Commanded by Khalid ibn al-Walid – major Byzantine defeat
14. Battle of Qadisiyyah (636 CE)
Muslim victory over Sassanid Persia
15. Battle of Nahavand (642 CE)
Decisive defeat of Persian power
16. Conquest of Constantinople (1453 CE)
Sultan Mehmed II – end of Byzantine era
17. Battle of Hattin (1187 CE)
Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn’s defeat of Crusaders
18. Battle of Karbala (61 AH / 680 CE)
Martyrdom of Hussain ibn Ali — pivotal religious event
19. Battle of ‘Ayn Jalut (1260 CE)
Mamluks defeat the Mongols — turning point
20. Conquest of al-Andalus (711 CE)
By Tariq ibn Ziyad — start of Muslim Iberia
21. Battle of Tours (732 CE)
Clashes on Iberian frontier (contextual)
22. Battle of Marj Rahit (684 CE)
Early Umayyad consolidation fight
23. Battle of the Zab (750 CE)
Abbasid revolution vs Umayyads
24. Various Ridda & regional battles
Series of early consolidation campaigns
25. Banu Qurayza incident (5 AH)
Siege and local verdict after Battle of the Trench
26. Various small sariya expeditions
Numerous small raids across the region
27. Campaigns in northern Arabia
Multiple regional conflicts in early Islam
28. Raids and sieges in Levant
Context of early conquests and sieges
29. Battle of Jalūlā (637 CE)
Follow-on to Qadisiyyah against Persians
30. Conquest of Egypt (640s CE)
Siege and surrender of Byzantine Egypt
31. Muslim expansion in Iberia (8th–10th c.)
Multiple key sieges and battles in al-Andalus
32. Conflicts on Iberian frontier
Long-term struggle with Christian kingdoms
33. Capture/Sieges of Jerusalem
Multiple sieges — significant religious and political events
34. Battle of Manzikert (1071 CE)
Seljuk victory that reshaped Anatolia
35. Later Ottoman expansion battles
Major medieval campaigns into Europe
36. Battle of the Camel (36 AH)
Early Islamic civil conflict
37. Battle of Siffin (37 AH)
Early internal struggle — arbitration & politics
38. Battle of Talas (751 CE)
Arab-Chinese clash; cultural & technological exchange
39. Multiple frontier battles in Central Asia
Important in expansion and defense
40. Later Crusades & Muslim responses
Series of major medieval battles
41. Mongol invasions & key battles (13th c.)
Devastating clashes across Islamic world
42. Timur / Tamerlane campaigns (14th–15th c.)
Large-scale conquests and battles
43. Battle of Ankara (1402 CE)
Tamerlane defeats Ottoman Bayezid I
44. Ottoman naval & Mediterranean battles
Key sea battles shaping empire
45. Later sea battles with European powers
Naval confrontations in Mediterranean
46. Battle of Chaldiran (1514 CE)
Ottoman-Safavid clash shaping region
47. Ridda Wars (after Prophet ﷺ)
Consolidation of the Arabian Peninsula
48. Important sieges across centuries
Siege warfare shaped political outcomes
49. 18th–19th century regional clashes
Local & colonial period conflicts
50. Notable commemorations & memorial battles
Historic events remembered by communities